Fabric Abrasion Resistance and Tester

 


What is fabric abrasion resistance

Fabric abrasion resistance refers to the fabric’s resistance to wear and tear. Abrasion refers to the phenomenon that fabrics are gradually damaged due to repeated friction from other objects during use.
The abrasion resistance of a fabric is mainly measured by its number of flat wears. When the yarn structure, yarn number and density of the fabric are the same, the number of flat grinding times is closely related to the friction support area of the fabric. That is, the larger the friction support area, the higher the number of flat grinding times.
When using instruments to measure the abrasion resistance of fabrics in the laboratory, instruments are used to simulate various wear conditions of the fabrics in actual wear. Wear mainly includes the following types:
 (1) Flat wear: The fabric is subject to reciprocating or rotating plane friction, such as the wear under the sleeves of clothes, the buttocks of trousers, and the bottom of socks.
(2) Bend wear: It is the repeated friction of the fabric in the bending state, such as the wear and tear of elbows, knees and other parts.
(3) Folding: It is the wear and tear on the folded edges of fabrics, such as the wear on the collars, cuffs, trousers and other folded edges of clothes.
4) Dynamic wear: such as the wear and tear of fabrics in a washing machine.
The abrasion resistance of fabrics is evaluated by the weight loss of the fabric after a certain number of wears. Under certain conditions, the greater the weight loss, the worse the wear resistance of the fabric.

How to improve the wear resistance of fabrics

Fiber properties
The main properties that affect the wear resistance of fibers are the physical properties of fiber stretching, bending and shearing. Comparing the types of fibers, the abrasion resistance is: nylon > polypropylene > vinylon > ethylene > polyester > acrylic > chlorine > wool > silk > cotton > linen > rich and strong fiber > cupro fiber > viscose fiber > acetate fiber >Fiberglass. Comparing the fiber structure, the wear resistance of circular cross-section structural fibers is higher than the strength of special-shaped fibers; the thinner the fibers, the worse the wear resistance. Therefore, in order to improve the wear resistance, it is necessary to choose circular cross-section fibers with good wear resistance.
Types of yarn
The abrasion resistance of yarn is closely related to the structure of the yarn. Different spinning methods, different fiber winding methods in the yarn, different cohesion forces between fibers, and different wear resistance. In traditional ring-spun yarn, most of the fibers are in the form of spirals. When rubbed repeatedly, the spiral fibers gradually turn into axial fibers. The yarn is prone to lose twist, disintegrate and wear out quickly, so the wear resistance is poor. Non-traditional spinning has obvious advantages in wear resistance. Rotor yarn, air-jet yarn and vortex yarn are all composed of yarn core and outer fiber. The surface of the yarn is covered with irregular winding fibers, and the yarn is not easy to disintegrate. At the same time, the friction coefficient of the yarn surface is large, and the yarns in the fabric have good cohesion with each other and are not prone to relative slippage, so the wear resistance is improved. Compared with ring-spun yarn, the fibers of compact spinning yarn are arranged neatly and straightly, the yarn structure is tight, and the fibers are not easy to fall apart, so the yarn has good wear resistance.
Fabric organization
The organizational structure of the fabric determines the tightness and thickness of the paper film, which has a significant impact on its wear resistance. Among the three basic structures, the plain weave has the best wear resistance, the satin weave has the worst wear resistance, and the twill weave is in the middle.
Fabric finishing methods
Fabric finishing is a kind of finishing that combines physical and chemical methods to give the fabric certain properties. Such as protective finishing: waterproof, fireproof, mildew-proof, oil-proof, cold-proof, atomic radiation-proof, melt-proof, pilling-proof, etc. Resin finishing can significantly improve the wear resistance of fabrics.

Fabric abrasion tester

Taber abrasion tester is suitable to conduct wear resistance test for different materials, such as cloth, paper, paint, plywood, leather, floor tiles, natural rubber, etc.  Fix the sample on the test turntable, select the required test weight, and ensure that the test grinding wheel does not contact with the sample fixed fixture during the testing process. Adjust the governor switch to the minimum. After setting the test number according to the test requirements, the whole machine is in the test state.
Please click here to get more details

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