Ultra Complete Guide to Fiber Fineness

 


Fiber fineness refers to the thickness of the fiber. Fineness is one of the important morphological dimensions and quality indicators of fibers. Fiber fineness is closely related to spinning process and yarn quality, and directly affects fabric style.

Fiber fineness index and its conversion

Direct indicator

It is expressed directly by the geometry index of the fiber. Such as diameter (d), projected width, cross-sectional area, cross-sectional perimeter, specific surface area, etc.
Fiber diameter was observed by optical microscope or electron microscope. It can be used to characterize the fineness of wool and its animal hair, and round chemical fibers.

Indirect indicators

Expressed indirectly by the relationship between fiber length and mass
Gk–the weight of the fiber at the specified moisture regain (g)
L–fiber length (m).
1. Linear density: Tex (Nt), decitex (Ndt)
Tex: The mass in grams of a 1000-meter-long fiber at a given moisture regain.
dtex: The mass in grams of a 10,000-meter-long fiber at a given moisture regain.
Nt =Gk/L×1000
Ndt =Gk/L×10000
2.Denier (Nd): The mass in grams of a 9,000-meter-long fiber at a given moisture regain.
Nd = Gk/L×9000
3. Metric count Nm: The length (mm or m) of fiber per unit mass (mg or g) at a given moisture regain. (The English count Ne is generally used to characterize the yarn fineness)
Nm = L/Gk
4. Micronaire value (M): As a dimensionless value, it is measured by a Micronaire airflow meter and reflects the comprehensive index of cotton fiber fineness and maturity. Divided into 3 levels, namely A, B, C level. The B grade is the standard grade.
Conversion between indicators：
Nt ×Nm = 1000
Nm ×Ndt = 9000
Nd =9 Nt

Fiber fineness test method

1. Direct measurement method: microscope method, fiber projection measurement method, laser fineness test method, computer image automatic measurement method
Quantitative method, etc.
2. Indirect measurement method: mid-section weighing method, air flow method, vibration method, etc.
Microscopy is commonly used to measure the fineness of wool and the longitudinal projected diameter of fibers with round cross-sections.
The airflow method is often used to indirectly measure the fineness of cotton fibers, wool fibers and chemical fibers.
The mid-section method can be used to measure the fineness of various fibers, but for crimped fibers, the crimp can only be measured accurately, and it is generally used for cotton fibers or non-crimped chemical fiber filaments.

Fiber fineness tester

JN-B Series Torsion Balance
The JN-B Series Torsion Balance is a delicate, precision measuring tool used for weighing tiny things. It is applicable in the sectors of electronics, textiles, metallurgy, agriculture, industry, and others.
Y171 Series Fiber Cutter
Fiber Cutter is intended to cut fiber, yarn, cotton, and other materials into cross-sectional slices for examination under a microscope.
Y175 Series Cotton Fineness Meter/Micronaire Tester
The Y175 Series Cotton Fineness Meter/Micronaire Tester is used to determine the micronaire value of cotton fiber. Weigh out a test specimen of proper mass for the airflow instrument (8g) using the balance; pack the test specimen evenly into the compression cylinder, then insert the compression plunger. Using the air pump or any acceptable method, force air through the specimen at the appropriate pressure for the air flow instrument and record the reading on the scale.
YG002C Series Computerized Fiber Fineness Analysis System
The YG002C Series Computerized Fiber Fineness Analysis System is used in labs to quickly evaluate fiber diameter or sectional area. The gadget uses a high-resolution industrial camera to connect an optical microscope and a computer. Professional analysis software can do fiber diameter and sectional area testing, as well as assess the content of each fiber in blended fiber.
Y172 Fiber Microtome（Hardy）
Microtome for fiber (Hardy). To make fiber cross sections with thicknesses ranging from 20um to 100um for microscopic observation, measurement, and identification.
ZK100F Fiber Fineness Tester (Vibroscope Method)
The ZK100F Fiber Fineness Tester (Vibroscope Method) may be used to determine the linear density of a single fiber using the vibroscope method. It is widely utilized in chemical fiber, textile, and other manufacturing companies, testing organizations, and scientific research units.
The main working idea is to compute and show the linear density of a single fiber based on its natural vibration frequency under certain vibration length and stress.
Y145A /B Wool Fineness Meter
The Y145A Wool Fineness Meter is used to measure the fineness of wool fiber by micronaire value, which is determined by the value of air resistance of disordered wool fiber. The Y145B Wool Fineness Tester is extensively used in wool purchase inspection, production, and commerce to assess the fineness of wool using the airflow technique.

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