Sublimation Fastness-All You Need to Know

 

Sublimation Fastness-All You Need to Know

What is sublimation fastness

Sublimation fastness is commonly associated with the dyeing of polyester disperse dyes. When the temperature rises above a certain point (setting above 180°C, ironing above 200°C), the disperse dyes in the polyester fibers directly convert from powdery solids to gas and escape, changing the color of the polyester. When the brightened and liberated dye cools, it desublimates and solidifies, and it sticks to the equipment or the surface of the polyester. The dye (floating color) on the surface of this polyester has no fastness and easily falls off after washing or rubbing, indicating that the washing and rubbing fastness is poor.

Sublimation test

Because the dyeing mechanism of polyester fibers differs from that of other dyes, sublimation fastness may directly reflect the heat resistance of dispersion colors. For other dyes, testing the ironing fastness of the dye is the same as testing the dye’s sublimation fastness. The dye’s sublimation fastness is poor. The dye in the solid state is easily detachable from the interior of the fiber in a gas state in the dry heat state. In this manner, dye sublimation fastness can also indirectly reflect fabric ironing fastness.
The dyes with good sublimation fastness have large particles, and the sublimation temperature is slightly higher than that of ordinary dyes. Under the same setting or ironing temperature conditions, the dyes with high sublimation fastness will have little fading and little discoloration.

Goal and range

This test method is a test method for determining the color resistance of various textile materials and textiles to heat pressing and heat roller processing. Textiles can be hot pressed in dry, damp, or wet conditions, usually determined by the end use of the textile.

Test standard

AATCC 133-2009
GB/T 6152-1997
ISO 105-X11:1996
JIS L 0850-1994A

Preparation

  • Sample size:
AATCC 133-2009:40*120mm
Other methods: 40*100mmProviding controlled conditions of dry heat and pressure with top and bottom heated surfaces, electronic temperature controller and carefully controlled top plate weight. Consisting of a pair of smooth parallel plates, equipped with a precisely controlled electric heating system, the pressure on the sample is 4±1kpa, and the heat should only be transferred from the upper parallel plate to the sample, regardless of whether the lower parallel plate is heated or not.
  • Smooth asbestos board thickness 3mm~6mm
The asbestos board used for thermal insulation should be smooth and not bent, preferably assembled with the asbestos board before placing the sample in the sublimation fastness tester. During the two tests, the asbestos panels had to be cooled and the wet wool pads had to be dried.
  • Padding, wool flannel with a mass per unit area of 260g/m2:
Use two layers of wool flannel to make a pad about 3mm thick. A similar smooth wool fabric or felt can also be used to make a pad about 3mm thick.
  • The weight per unit area of undyed and unmercerized bleached cotton cloth is 100g/m2~130g/m2, and the surface is smooth.

Experimental procedure

Dry pressing: the dry sample is pressed for a certain period of time for 15 seconds in a heating device with a specified temperature and specified pressure.
Moisture pressure: After the dry sample is covered with a piece of wet cotton lining fabric, it is pressed for a certain period of time in a heating device at a specified temperature and pressure for 15 seconds.
Wet pressure: After the wet sample is covered with a piece of wet cotton lining fabric, it is pressed for a certain period of time in a heating device at a specified temperature and pressure for 15 seconds.
Hot pressing temperature:
110+2℃
150+2°C
200±2℃
Other test temperatures may be used if necessary, but must be indicated in the report. The pressing temperature is determined according to the type of fiber and the structure of the fabric. If it is a blended product, it is recommended to use the most heat-resistant fiber to adapt.

Rating

Immediately after the test, use the gray scale to evaluate the discoloration of the sample and the staining of the adjacent fabric. After adjusting the humidity for 4 hours in the standard atmosphere, make an evaluation again.

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