Everything You Need to Know About Color Fastness to Washing




The color fastness of textiles to washing refers to the fabric’s capacity to retain its original color under washing circumstances, that is, the ability to not fade or change color.

Almost all textiles are washed in people’s everyday lives. The fabrics are cleaned in a washing liquid at a certain temperature. The dye will come off the textile due to the action of the washing liquid, and ultimately the original color of the textile will alter, which is known as discolouration. At the same time, the dye in the washing liquid will contaminate and modify the color of other fabrics, a process known as staining.
Whether or not the color fastness to washing is excellent or bad, it will effect the staining of other garments worn on the body, or it will stain other clothes when washed with other clothes.      

The standard of washing fastness

Color fastness to washing is one of the common test items for textile color fastness. It mainly tests the color fastness of textiles used in clothing and home textiles after simulating one or more household and commercial launderings. Common test standards are ISO 105 C06 and AATCC 61:2010.

ISO 105 C06

ISO 105 C06 contains a total of 16 different test procedures from A1S to E2S
Wherein, “S” refers to single commercial or domestic laundering. “M” means multiple washes, or about five home or commercial washes. Their specific test conditions are as follows.
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AATCC 61：2013

AATCC 61:2013 includes five test methods, however the most commonly used are 1A and 2A. 1A is appropriate for hand washing at 40°C and 2A is appropriate for machine washing at 49°C.
The 3A program, which is less often used, tests clothes at 71°C, whereas 4A and 5A add the chlorine-based bleach sodium hypochlorite to the wash water. The following are the test conditions.
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Determination of color fastness to washing(depend on ISO 105 c06)

Purpose

Learn how fabrics fade and stain other washes in the wash.

Preparation

ECE, IEC, WOB (as required by customers), sodium perborate, sodium carbonate 1g/l, monofilament lining, multifiber lining (DW: low temperature lining; TV: high temperature lining), ISO standard gray scale, washing fastness tester.

Sampling

4cm×10cm (including all colors, if the colors are scattered, prepare a few more pieces). When sewing, the front side is sewn along the wool fiber direction and the short side. Yarn and loose fibers should be stitched on all four sides.

Operation steps

1. Firstly adjust the humidity of the sample with the standard atmosphere (20±2℃ 65±2%) for 4 hours.
2. Select the temperature, preheat the test solution in the steel cup for 5-10 minutes, and then put the test cloth. (The test method is based on the customer’s requirements, and the corresponding test type is selected.) After the test, wash it twice with 100ml of distilled water at 40°C, each time for 1min. Shake off excess water and dry at a temperature not higher than 60°C.

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